Case Summary Japan's Supreme Court on Public Assistance and Savings: The Educational Insurance Case of March 16, 2004 Supreme Court: welfare recipients can save for kids' high‑school fees without aid cuts—landmark 2004 ruling on the Public Assistance Act.
Case Summary Employer Liability for Overwork Suicide (Karō Jisatsu): Japan's Landmark Ruling (March 24, 2000) Japan’s Supreme Court held Dentsu liable for an employee’s overwork suicide, expanding employer duty of care to mental health and limiting comparative negligence.
Case Summary Workers' Comp vs. Consolation Money: Japan's Supreme Court Separates Financial and Non-Financial Damages (December 1, 1966) Japan’s Supreme Court (1966) held that consolation money for pain and suffering cannot reduce an employer’s statutory workers’ compensation, firmly separating financial and non‑financial damages.
Case Summary Japan Supreme Court Narrows Workers’ Comp for Specially Enrolled Owners (2012) Japan's top court limits workers' comp for specially enrolled owners to on‑site work covered by employee insurance, excluding sales and scouting trips.
Case Summary Overwork, Pre-Existing Conditions, and Workers' Comp: Japan's Supreme Court Links Chauffeur's Stroke to Job Burden (July 17, 2000) Japan’s Supreme Court held that 18 months of extreme overtime outweighed mild hypertension, ruling a chauffeur’s 2000 stroke compensable and redefining overwork disease criteria.
Case Summary Japan Supreme Court: Company‑Party Fatality Ruled Work‑Related (2016 Decision) Japan’s Supreme Court ruled that a fatal after‑party car accident was work‑related, clarifying how employer pressure and business‑oriented social events affect workers’ compensation eligibility.
Case Summary Dismissal During Work-Related Injury Leave: Japan's Supreme Court Clarifies Termination Compensation Exception (June 8, 2015) Japan’s Supreme Court ruled that employers may invoke the Labour Standards Act termination‑compensation exception to dismiss workers on prolonged injury leave, even when WCAI benefits, not company payments, are being received.
Case Summary Truck Drivers as “Workers”? Japan Supreme Court Clarifies Employee vs. Contractor (1996 Ruling) Japan’s 1996 Supreme Court ruling explains why an owner‑operator truck driver was deemed an independent contractor, shaping today’s employee–contractor tests under Japanese labor law.
Case Summary Coordinating Benefits: Japan's Supreme Court on Health Insurer Subrogation vs. Auto Liability Payments (September 10, 1998) TL;DR The 1998 ruling by Japan’s Supreme Court held that payments made under Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance (CALI) extinguish the victim’s entire damages claim on a yen‑for‑yen basis, thereby limiting any subrogation rights of National Health Insurance (NHI) providers to amounts still outstanding at the
Case Summary Supreme Court Clarifies Third‑Party Debtors in Japan’s Health Insurance (1973) TL;DR (3‑sentence summary) The 1973 Supreme Court of Japan held that the Social Insurance Medical Fee Payment Fund and National Health Insurance Federations become direct debtors—“in their own name”—once they are delegated to review and pay claims. Because they owe a public‑law duty to pay
Case Summary When Does Coverage Begin? Japan's Supreme Court on Retroactive Effect in Social Insurance (1965) TL;DR Japan’s Supreme Court (Y Co. case, 1965) held that employees automatically acquire Health Insurance Act and Employees’ Pension Insurance Act coverage from their first day of work. The administrative “confirmation” merely validates that fact and retroactively relates back, so premiums and benefits both run from the employment
Case Summary Can Japan Deny Insurance Status to New Hospitals? Supreme Court Balances Planning & Provider Rights (2005) TL;DR Japan’s Supreme Court (2005) upheld a prefectural decision to deny a new hospital “Insurance Medical Institution” status because it ignored a non‑binding recommendation under the regional Medical Plan. The Court ruled that (i) the denial fit the Health Insurance Act’s clause for “extremely inappropriate” institutions,
Case Summary Japan Supreme Court on Public Assistance for Undocumented Foreign Residents (2001) TL;DR Japan’s Supreme Court (Sept 25 2001) held that undocumented foreign residents are not legally entitled to benefits under the Public Assistance Act. Relying on Horiki precedent, the Court ruled that (i) Article 25 imposes only a programmatic duty subject to broad legislative discretion, (ii) excluding undocumented residents